SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences, Volume 63, Issue 7: 172101(2020) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-019-9948-6

## Online traffic-aware linked VM placement in cloud data centers

• AcceptedJun 16, 2019
• PublishedMay 18, 2020
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### Abstract

In cloud computing, virtual machine (VM) placement plays a crucial role in data center (DC) management, as different ways of VM placement may require different system resources.As Cisco research reveals that virtualization of DC increases traffic within the DC and causes network bandwidth to become scarce resource, recent researches have been focusing on traffic-aware VM placement. However, previous traffic-aware VM placement schemes treat the VM placement as a static process in that they do not take into account the impact of the current placement decision on the subsequent placement. In this paper, we thus propose a novel online traffic-aware VM placement scheme. Our scheme views VM placement as a context-sensitive dynamic process in that the decision of every step of the placement is made aiming at helping the subsequent steps of placement to reduce the required network bandwidth in the long run. In our scheme, we consider not only inter-VM traffic but also the bandwidth constraint of a physical machine (PM) when making a VM placement decision. To realize our objective, we put those VMs with close end time in the same or close proximity PMs so that when the VMs are terminated, one can make enough room for the future arrivals so as to not only minimize the number of active PMs but also reduce networking costs. We conduct extensive simulations to verify the superiority of our scheme in terms of networking costs and energy consumption.Simulation results show that our scheme outperforms improved-best-fit-decreasing (IBFD) scheme, a revised best-fit version thattakes inter-VM traffic into account, by 30%–40% on network cost under various scenarios. Our scheme also promises 10%–25% power savingscompared with IBFD.

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• Figure 1

(Color online) The placement of linked VMs in data center.

• Table 1   Notations
 $v$ A VM $e(v_i,v_j)$ $e(v_i,v_j)=1$ if there is a direct communication link between$v_i$ and $v_j$, otherwise $e(v_i,v_j)=0$ tr$(v_i,v_j)$ Direct communication traffic between $v_i$ and $v_j$,otherwise tr$(v_i,v_j)=0$ $e(v_i,*)$ All direct communication links of $v_i$ ${\rm~tr}(v_i,*)$ All direct communication traffic of $v_i$ VS A VS represents a set of VMs. e.g., VS$_a$ represents the VMs to be placed in or residing in PM $P_a$ $v_i^{t_e}$ $v_i$'s end time ${\rm~VS}_a^{\rm~out}$ The whole out traffic of ${\rm~VS}_a$ $B_c$ The bandwidth constraint of a PM NC The network cost ${\rm~Hop}(v_i,v_j)$ Number of physical links along the shortest path between PM $P_{v_i}$ and PM $P_{v_j}$ after $v_i$ and $v_j$ are placed $|P(fs)|$ Number of free slots in PM $P$ aPMs The set of active PM in DC

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